Thomas de , Kg, 1st Duke of Norfolk MOWBRAY

                   Thomas de Mowbray [succeeded elder brother John, died unmarried justprior to 12 Feb 1382/3], 6th Lord (Baron) Mowbray and 7th Lord (Baron)Segrave, also 1st Duke of Norfolk, so created 29 Sep 1397, as alsoearlier 12 Feb 1382/3 Earl of Nottingham and 12 Jan 1385/6 Earl Marshal;in addition 3rd Earl of Norfolk (as which succeeded his grandmother 24March 1398/9), KG (c1383); born 22 March 1365/6; Marshal of England 1385;served against the Scots 1385 and a Franco-Hispanic-Flemish fleet offMargate March 1386/7, a Lord Appellant 1387/8; Keeper of Berwick andRoxburgh and Warden of the East March 1389; Captain in Calais Feb1390/1-95/6; King's Lt in Artois, Calais, Flanders and Picardy 1392; JtAmbassador to France Feb 1396/7 and Rhine Palatinate June 1397; quarreledwith the Duke of Hereford (later Henry IV), each accusing the other oftreason; both banished 1398; after his old enemy had usurped the throneas Henry IV the conferring of the Dukedom of Norfolk was annulled byParliament 6 Oct 1399; married 1st 15 March 1382/3 Elizabeth (dsp 23 Aug1383), daughter and heiress of 1st Lord (Baron) Strange of the 1360creation; married 2nd July 1384 Elizabeth (married 3rd by 19 Aug 1401 SirRobert Goushill (by whom she was mother of Elizabeth, who married SirRobert Wingfield, of Letheringham) and 4th by 3 July 1414 Sir GerardUsflete and died 8 July 1425, leaving further issue), widow of SirWilliam de Montagu (dsp), eldest son of the Earl of Salisbury, anddaughter of 11th/4th Earl of Arundel, and died of plague in Venice 22 Sep1399.  [Burke's Peerage]

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Thomas de Mowbray, 6th baron, then seventeen years of age, who wascreated Earl of Nottingham, as his brother had been, by charter, dated 12February, 1383, and three years afterwards was constituted Earl Marshalby reason of his descent from Thomas, of Brotherton, his lordship beingthe first who had the title of earl attached to the office. In the 10thRichard II [1387], his lordship participated in the naval victoryachieved by Richard, Earl of Arundel, over the French and Spaniards, andthe subsequent conquest of the battle of Brest. In the 16th of the samereign, he was made governor of Calais, and in four years afterwardsobtained the king's charter of confirmation of the office of earl marshalof England to the heirs male of his body, and that they, by reason of thesaid office, should bear a golden truncheon, enameled with black at eachend, having at the upper end the kings arms, and at the lower, their ownarms engraven thereon. Moreover, he stood in such favour that the king,acknowledging his just and hereditary title to bear for his crest agolden leopard with a white label, which of right belonged to the king'seldest son, did, by letters patent, grant to him and his heirs authorityto bear the golden leopard for his crest, with a coronet of silver abouthis neck instead of the label; and the same year appointed him justice ofChester and Flintshire for life. In the 18th Richard, he attended theking into Ireland, but, afterwards siding with the parasites whocontrolled that weak and unfortunate prince, he not only aided in thedestruction of his father-in-law, Richard, Earl of Arundel -- being oneof the chief persons that guarded the unhappy nobleman to the place ofexecution -- but he is also accused of being an accomplice in the murderof Thomas, of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, the king's uncle. Certain itis that he was at this period in high estimation with the prevailingparty and obtained a grant of all the lands of the unfortunate LordArundel, with those of Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, which had alsovested in the crown be forfeiture. These grants bore date 28 September,1396, and the next day he was created Duke of Norfolk (his grandmother,Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, being still alive). Prosperous, however, asthis nobleman's career had hitherto been, it was doomed eventually to adisgraceful termination. Henry, Duke of Hereford (afterwards Henry IV),having accused his Grace of Norfolk, of speaking disrespectfully of theking, a challenge ensued, and a day was named for the combat, when thelists were accordingly set up at Gosford Green, Coventry, and the kingand court were present, but just as the combatants were about to engageand the charge had been sounded, Richard interfered, and by the advice ofhis council, prohibited the conflict, banishing the Duke of Hereford forten years,m and the Duke of Norfolk for life -- who, thereupon goingabroad, d. at Venice, of the pestilence, but, according to Sandford, ofgrief, in 1400. The duke, who along with his other great honours, was aknight of the Garter, m. 1st, Elizabeth, dau. of John, Lord Strange, ofBlackmere, but had no issue; he m. 2ndly, Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan, dau.of Richard, Earl of Arundel, sister and co-heir of Thomas, Earl ofArundel, and widow of William de Montacute, by whom he had issue, Thomas,John, Isabel, Margaret, and Elizabeth. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant,Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London,1883, p. 387, Mowbray, Earls of Nottingham, Dukes of Norfolk,Earls-Marshal, Earls of Warren and Surrey]

Thomas, 6th Lord Mowbray, created after the decease of his brother, Earlof Nottingham and Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal, and K.G. His grace, forhis military services, was authorised to bear for his crest a goldenleopard with a coronet of silver. In 1398 he was accused by HenryBolingbroke, Earl of Hereford, of having spoken slanderously of the king,when he charged with a design of destroying the principal members of thenobility. Norfolk denied the accusations and desired Hereford to proveits truth in single combat. The lists were set at Coventry in thepresence of the king and the peers of the disputants, but on the eve ofthe contest the king interposed and forbade the combat. Both Norfolk andHereford were banished, the former for life and the other for ten years.Norfolk d. of the plague at Venice in 1399. By his first wife, Elizabeth,dau. and heir of John, Lord Strange, of Blackmere, he had no issue. Byhis second wife, Elizabeth, dau. and co-heir of Richard FitzAlan, Earl ofArundel and Surrey, he left two sons and two daus., viz., Thomas, John,Margaret, and Isabel. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited,and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 485,Segrave, Barons Segrave of Barton Segrave]